Psychotherapy for Anorexia Nervosa Essay - 1432 Words

Psychotherapy for Anorexia Nervosa What is anorexia? Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that consists of self-regulated food restriction in which the person strives for thinness and also involves distortion of the way the person sees his or her own body. An anorexic person weighs less than 85% of their ideal body weight. The prevalence of eating disorders is between .5-1% of women aged 15-40 and about 1/20 of this number occurs in men. Anorexia affects all aspects of an affected persons life including emotional health, physical health, and relationships with others (Shekter-Wolfson et al 5-6). A study completed in 1996 showed that anorexics also tend to possess traits that are obsessive in nature and carry heavy emotional†¦show more content†¦If the counselor possesses a firm, understanding perspective, the client will more likely open up and share issues with the advisor. As long as the interviewer knows that the symptoms expressed by the client are due to the eating disorder itself (in this case starvation), the counselo r can grasp the problem in a tight manner. Other issues discussed between the interviewer and the client include past history of emotional disturbance, past medical history, family history, current family situation, family eating patterns, family attitudes about weight, and other personal history. Another important criterion that must be addressed is the presence or absence of past or present physical or sexual abuse because this is a significant determinant of a person possessing an eating disorder (Shekter-Wolfson et al 13). Treatment The first step in the treatment of anorexia is to aid the client in adapting a more standardized eating pattern. A dietitian may intervene at this point to assist the affected person to adopt more healthy eating behaviors. The counselors role is to gradually help the client begin to adopt a more normal eating style (Shekter-Wolfson et al 13). In all cases, however, there are six goals of any treatment process: 1) To treat the medical complications 2) To revive a normal state of eating 3) To provide guidance on nutrition and exercise 4) To alter distorted views through CBTShow MoreRelatedAnorexia Nervosa Is The Highest Mortality Rate Of All Mental Illnesses909 Words   |  4 PagesAnorexia nervosa is often misunderstood, and it is not a life style that people choose to have. Eating disorders are a serious illness. Anorexia has the highest mortality rate of all mental illnesses. Four out of ten people in the national survey reported that they either suffered or knew someone who had suffered from an eating disorder. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder where the person does not eat or maintain a normal body weight, in order to have a skinny body (DSM-V). Most women areRead MoreEating Disorders Research Paper1148 Words   |  5 Pagestreatments and which ones better support for example anorexia nervosa in adult women. For specifically eating disorders a psychotherapy approach to treatment is primarily successful. According to the NEDA there are many â€Å"paths† that can be taken when choosing a psyc hotherapy program, but the therapies can be broken down into sections: family, non-family oriented, action, thought based, and most importantly evidence-based. Family based psychotherapies, such as Conjoint Family Therapy, focus on the familyRead MoreCauses Of Anorexia Nervosa1344 Words   |  6 PagesGiven that anorexia nervosa is associated with high rates of mortality, relapse, suicide, and a diminished quality of life, long-term prognosis does look very tragic, with recovery rates ranging from 25-70% (Guarda, 2008). The extant of anorexia nervosa long-term outcome studies have reported, â€Å"only one-third of individuals (37%) recover within 4 years after disease onset; this figure rises to almost half (47%) by year 10 and to 73% after 10 years post onset† (Zerwas et al., 2013). These statisticsRead MoreEating Disorders And Their Effects On Victims Of Them1281 Words   |  6 Pageswill be discussed in this essay, the first one being discussed is anorexia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is defined as an eating disorder in which people suffer an obsession over their weight and body image, resulting in self-starvation and exaggerated weight loss. Many suffering with anorexia severely restricted the types and amount of food they eat, and often view their underweight bodies as overweight. There are many causes of anorexia as a result of both biological and environmental factors. SomeRead MoreEssay Bulimia Nervosa1311 Words   |  6 PagesBULIMIA NERVOSA 307.51 (F50.2) Introduction Individuals diagnosed with bulimia nervosa undertake frequent binge eating, followed by expelling the food, typically by inducing vomiting, but also through exercising and the use of laxative agents, diuretics, and enemas (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The binge eating occurrences are often prompted by a negative perception of one’s body image, temporarily alleviated by the binge eating episode. Since the individual with bulimia nervosa is overanxiousRead MoreTaking a Look at Eating Disorders1708 Words   |  7 Pagesmental as well as physical health. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are the most common types. Others are binge eating disorder and eating disorder not otherwise specified. Classification: †¢ Anorexia nervosa (AN), †¢ Bulimia nervosa (BN), †¢ Eating disorders not otherwise specified †¢ Binge eating disorder (BED) or compulsive overeating, †¢ Pica The two most common types, Anorexia nervosa and Bulimia nervosa are described below: Anorexia Nervosa: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric disorderRead MoreAnorexia Nervosa: Etiology, Treatment, and Related Information1871 Words   |  8 Pagesto discuss several basic topics regarding anorexia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is and eating disorder with an incredibly high mortality rate characterized by low body weight and an obsessive fear of becoming overweight that occurs primarily in females after puberty, yet before the age of 40 years. Unfortunately, Not much is known about the causes of anorexia nervosa, but possible correlations are blood relation to a person suffering from anorexia nervosa, those who have recently experienced a stressfulRead MoreEssay on Anorexia1228 Words   |  5 Pages quot;Anorexia Nervosaquot; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Bizarre, devastating, and baffling are three words that describe the anorexia nervosa disease. By definition, anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder in which a normal-weight person diets and becomes significantly underweight, yet, still feeling fat, continue to starve themselves. The term quot;anorexia nervosaquot; literally means nervous lose of appetite. People with the disorder are suppressing a strong desire to eat, because they areRead MoreThe Effects Of Anorexia Nervosa On The Human Body1406 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Anorexia Nervosa On the Human Body Anorexia is a lack or loss of appetite for food as a medical condition and is also considered an emotional disorder categorized by an obsessive desire to lose weight by refusing to eat. Anorexia is found in all people, male and female of any age and in some cases can be life threatening. The reason Anorexia and all eating disorders in general are important to study is because they are a significant part of society. Eating disorders also hold theRead MoreBackground History of Anorexia Nervosa1452 Words   |  6 PagesHISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF ANOREXIA NERVOSA Anorexia nervosa’s (AN) first descriptions began during the twelfth and thirteenth century with the historical Saint Catherine of Siena (Deans, 2011). It is related to participating in religious functions and medieval practices of self-starvation (Deans, 2011). Furthermore, the death of popular singer, Karen Carpenter in 1983 created the societal awareness about the effect of anorexia nervosa and become widely known at the end of the twentieth century (Rader

The Innovator s Dna That Make People More Innovative

Introduction For the past couple of weeks, I have been reading The Innovator’s DNA. I was a little hesitant at first because the title alone says that it will be talking about being innovative. I didn’t really think I had an innovative bone in my body. The introduction and chapter one of the book tells us though that innovation can be practiced. The one thing that caught my attention is that the authors have been experimenting for years about finding out about what makes people innovative. The book gives us five â€Å"discovery skills† that make people more innovative. The discovery skills in the book are association, questioning, observing, networking, and experimenting. This paper will be my personal action plan on how I am going to practice†¦show more content†¦Throughout the time I was reading this book, I learned that in order to practice with my discovery skills, I must diversify myself. So when I was thinking of a way that I could diversify myself while active ly observing, I thought of a few plans that I could follow through with. The first thing I am going to do in order to be an active observer is to try to observe something that I do not know anything about. As mentioned in the quote above, when you observe different things properly, you start to connect things. I have decided that I am going to start to try to become competent in something that is not business related. I have an Associates’ degree in business management and a Bachelor’s degree in business management. I also am going for my Master’s in business administration. I think it is safe to say that I am learning a lot about business. To become competent in something other than business, I plan to start off by buying a book unrelated to business and read that book in my spare time. I was thinking that I would buy a book that has to do with computers. I understand the basics of a computer because I have taken a college level computer class. I want to become competent in programming so that maybe I could make connections between b usiness and technology. The authors of The Innovator’s DNA use the founder of Salesforce.com as a great example of somebody who mixed his knowledge of technology and

Aesthetic Leadership in Clinical Nursing †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Aesthetic Leadership in Clinical Nursing. Answer: Introduction: Clinical leadership has been considered essential to client/ patient outcomes across all clinical settings (Ennis, Happell Reid?Searl, 2015). Transformational leadership has emerged as a dominant leadership style in the modern world. In recent times, the theory of congruent leadership has occupied the position for explaining clinical leadership in nursing. Due to the difficulties faced by the modern organizations, only one leadership style cannot be followed, irrespective of the situation (Porter-O'Grady, 2015). It is also evident that with the complexities of modern organizations, one specific leadership style cannot be the only model followed, regardless of the situation. For the purpose of overcoming the limitations of leadership models, aesthetic leadership is projected as the leadership style that does not oppose congruent leadership and transformational leadership model and reflects the validity of aesthetics and art to nursing (Mannix, Wilkes Daly, 2015). The requirement for more operative clinical leadership necessitates the review of leadership theories and frameworks that significantly influences the contemporary clinical leadership in nursing along with the availability of alternative leadership styles for consideration. The ontological and epistemological validity of art and aesthetics to the practices of nursing have been recognized by the nurses and therefore, aesthetic leadership can be considered for the purpose of addressing the failings reported in leadership in the world of clinical practice. The theory of aesthetic leadership is increasingly gaining power in the leadership studies but it is still not given enough importance in the context of clinical leadership in nursing. In the modern era, the nursing discourse is dominated by transformational leadership as the favored leadership model. Other leadership frameworks and theories such as authentic leadership, servant leadership, leadership practices, transactional leadership and situational leadership are applicable to the clinical setting to some extend but are not particular to clinical leadership. However, congruent theory is specific to clinical leadership and nursing (Stanley, Blanchard, Hohol, Hutton McDonald, 2017). The non- charismatic leadership theories such as charismatic leadership and transformational leadership operate with the intent of creating awareness and acceptance among the followers regarding the missions and goals of organization. The focus of transformational leadership is on the individuals and relationships. It also encourages the leaders to be visionary which in turn will enable them to inspire and empower others for sharing that vision with the help of effective communication. The leaders must possess personal and social emotional intelligence capabilities along with ethical behavior and capability of challenging the status quo for facilitating change in order to ensure effective transformational leadership (Hutchinson Jackson, 2013). The transformational leadership style supports increased organizational commitment, higher job satisfaction amongst the nurses, reduced workplace conflict, improved role clarity and reduced anxiety levels, emotional exhaustion and stress amid staff. Situational leadership model gave rise to congruent leadership which is well-known to take place when the use of a suitable business leadership style is made after gaining understanding of the aspects of followers, leaders and the setting (Fink-Samnick, 2017). The congruent leadership theory is more aligned with the authentic leadership and provides the means by which beliefs and values regarding nursing and care are imitated in the actions and activities of a clinical leader. Effective communication and interpersonal skills are required by the congruent leaders with respect to the emotional intelligence capabilities. It is argued that congruent leadership delivers a comprehensive base for clinical leaders. This is due to the fact that core values of nursing profession are reflected by congruent leadership and its main consideration is patient focused care (Harris, Bennett Ross, 2014). However, congruent and transformational leadership suffers from some limitations. When leadership is considered in context of clinical nursing, a variety of issues can arise for the clinical leaders while implementing transformational leadership style. For the development of clinical leaders in nursing, transformational leadership is not considered appropriate. Instead, congruent leadership theory is proposed for clinical leadership as the limitations identified in this context are irrelevant to clinical workplace. Aesthetic leadership is considered among the proven leadership theories that place emphasis on the followers and their opinions regarding qualities of the leader in follower-leader dyad. Aesthetic leaders emerge from the viewpoint of their colleagues and are not self- appointed (Block, 2014). In other words, aesthetic leadership takes into account the views of followers regarding the leadership qualities of leaders (Mannix, Wilkes Daly, 2015). It is considered to be focused on moral behaviors and is value- oriented. It is a manner of facilitating flow between administration, management and aesthetics fields in organizations where all such fields are provided equal importance. Aesthetic leader is regarded as the leader who possesses knowledge, known as tacit knowledge that bear a resemblance to aesthetic / sensory knowing and is obtained from profound experience that provides a logical explanation. Aesthetic leaders need to have the qualities of effective relational leaders particula rly at the time of negotiating with and between administrators and managers in an organization (Daas, 2015). They should take into account the management theories for the motivation of their followers along with systems theory approach to management which will allow interaction between people and the organization. Modern organizations suffer from a variety of complexities and therefore one specific leadership style cannot be followed, irrespective of the situation. In the culture and context of the clinical nursing world, aesthetic leadership is the leadership style that has the capability of supporting the effectiveness of clinical leaders specifically with the identification of the importance and relevance of art and aesthetics to nursing practice (Styron Styron, 2017). The significance of relationships in the follower- leader dyad has been recognized by all the three leadership models. As a model of leadership, aesthetic leadership does not oppose congruent leadership and transformational leadership and has the capability of overpowering some of the limitations of these leadership models. More balanced and holistic view of the follower- leader dyad is provided by aesthetic leadership with the help of its follower centric position. Clinical nursing suffers from the dominance of transformational leadership and still the requirement of effective clinical leadership is witnessed which means that the place of transformational leadership in the world of clinical practice needs reframing. Reframing of the place of transformational leadership does not imply discarding it as a valuable model of leadership. Instead of this, aesthetic processes and aesthetic leadership will be utilized for the purpose of overcoming the limitations of transformational leadership as a clinical leadership model (Marshall Broome, 2016). The aesthetic processes are emerged from symbolic, embodied and sensual elements that are shaped from the experiences and cultural perspective of an individual and its incorporation would minimize the moral and cultural limitations of transformational leadership style (Fischer, 2016). The centrality of the beliefs and values of a leader in congruent leadership theory is compatible with the focus on leaders t hat show a strong moral compass in aesthetic leadership. For the purpose of becoming a clinical leader expert, the consideration of central ideas around the beliefs and visible leader values of congruent leadership theory should be made (Ennis, Happell Reid?Searl, 2015). For example, in the context of mental health, nursing leadership is changed as a result of the deinstitutionalization of care for individuals with problems in mental health. This leads to the expansion of specialist roles like clinical nurse specialists and consultant nurses. Higher levels of skills are required by the clinicians who occupy such positions for the purpose of managing the challenging clinical situations. Such expertise can benefit from the professional maturity and aesthetic knowledge. As a result, the way in which flow of administration, management and aesthetic fields engaged in the distribution of mental health facilities is facilitated by aesthetic leadership, various benefits can be obtained by clinical leaders. Therefore, it can be concluded that leadership is a complex process which involves actions that are required to be interpreted subjectively and are affected by the forms of communication and politics. In the world of clinical nursing, it is evident that a single leadership style is not suitable for all contexts. The practices related to clinical nursing suffer from various complexities and therefore the requirement of an approach arises that is capable of maximizing the probability for progressive results for those charged with administering nursing care along with the receivers of that care. By way of considering aesthetic leadership for clinical leaders, the limitations of congruent leadership and transformational leadership could be reduced. The embracement of aesthetic leadership as an applicable leadership model creates the probability of incorporating aesthetics and art into clinical leadership and recognizing the ways in which the expert clinical leader is different from other leaders in clinical nursing. References Block, B. A. (2014). Leadership: A supercomplex phenomenon.Quest,66(2), 233-246. Daas, M. (2015). Leading with Aesthetics: The Transformational Leadership of Charles M. Vest at MIT. Lexington Books. Ennis, G., Happell, B., Reid?Searl, K. (2015). Clinical leadership in mental health nursing: The importance of a calm and confident approach. Perspectives in psychiatric care, 51(1), 57-62. Ennis, G., Happell, B., Reid?Searl, K. (2015). Clinical leadership in mental health nursing: The importance of a calm and confident approach.Perspectives in psychiatric care,51(1), 57-62. Fink-Samnick, E. (2017). The New Age of Bullying and Violence in Health Care: Part 3. Professional case management,22(6), 260-274. Fischer, S. A. (2016). Transformational leadership in nursing: a concept analysis.Journal of advanced nursing,72(11), 2644-2653. Harris, R., Bennett, J., Ross, F. (2014). Leadership and innovation in nursing seen through a historical lens.Journal of advanced nursing,70(7), 1629-1638. Hutchinson, M., Jackson, D. (2013). Transformational leadership in nursing: towards a more critical interpretation. Nursing inquiry, 20(1), 11-22. Mannix, J., Wilkes, L. Daly, J. (2015). Aesthetic Leadership: Its place in the clinical world. Mental Health Nursing. Retrieved March 28, 2018 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278737867_Aesthetic_Leadership_Its_Place_in_the_Clinical_Nursing_World Mannix, J., Wilkes, L., Daly, J. (2015). Good ethics and moral standing: a qualitative study of aesthetic leadership in clinical nursing practice.Journal of clinical nursing,24(11-12), 1603-1610. Marshall, E. S. Broome, M. E. (2016). Transformational Leadership in Nursing, Second Edition: From Expert Clinician to Influential Leader. Springer Publishing Company. Porter-O'Grady, T. (2015).Leadership in nursing practice. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Stanley, D. (2016). Clinical Leadership in Nursing and Healthcare: Values into Action. John Wiley Sons. Stanley, D., Blanchard, D., Hohol, A., Hutton, M., McDonald, A. (2017). Health professionals perceptions of clinical leadership. A pilot study.Cogent Medicine,4(1), 1321193. Styron, R. A. Styron, J. L. (2017). Comprehensive Problem-Solving and Skill Development for Next-Generation Leaders. IGI Global.

Reliability of the bible

The Bible is not just one book, but rather is a collection of many books that are historical, prayer, poems, epistles, prophecies and other kinds of books which were written by different authors. All these books are interrelated and they are compiled together to form the Bible which has one principal message of redemption of the human race.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Reliability of the bible specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Skeptics, agnostics and atheists have for a long time challenged the reliability of the Bible while trying to undermine its message and Christianity in general. Over time however, there has been the emergence of numerous apologists who have defended the bible’s reliability against the objections presented by these skeptics, agnostics and atheists. This paper seeks to explain the reliability of the Bible based on the questions raised by those challenging its reliability. Am ong the questions raised are: The reliability of the oral tradition on the basis of which the New Testament was written The ancient Jews had their customs, teachings and practices handed down from generation to generation by oral traditions and great emphasis was placed on accuracy and reliability. Jewish children would be introduced to oral material at an early age which would then be perfected all their lives hence ensuring accuracy and attention to detail. Those challenging the Bible argue that individuals were prone to forgetting and bias that would have distorted the original information2. However, the same information was taught to the community in general hence safeguarding it against faulty transfer to subsequent generations, as it is highly unlikely that the entire community would forget or exhibit the same bias. The authors of the Bible were also inspired by God and though they were allowed to write on their own personalities and view of events, they were guided by their b elief and the Holy Spirit rather than their own perceptions on the validity of the information. Their personalities in this case were evidenced where people like Isaiah wrote with a powerful literary style, medical over tones in the case of Luke, while Jeremiah wrote with a mournful tone. John on the other hand took a simple approach to his writing.Advertising Looking for research paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This ensured that though the Bible was written by different individuals, living in different times and coming from all walks of lives and classes, its message was consistent all through the whole text. It has continuity as there are similarities and relations between the different books. The bias of the gospel writers with theological motives Contrary to popular belief, people do not always distort history just because the author is giving an account of something he or she passionately beli eves in. Though everyone has a point of view, it doesn’t mean that the analysis of as a particular event is that people’s witness is expressed according to their point of view. In resent history the most accurate and reliable reports on events such as the holocaust were provided by the victims who were mainly Jews without being influenced by their views on the genocide3. The New Testament is mainly made of eyewitness reports on events and some of the writers actually gave up their lives so as to defend the truth that they had witnessed. They also included events that were quite embarrassing which rules out any bias that they could have had since they could have included flattering stories about their lives. Availability of archaeological evidence It is evident that a number of non-believers have questioned the authenticity of the Bible in which they have raised alarm as to whether the events that are recorded in the Bible have been archaeologically proven. In order tha t this question raised by these atheists can be answered well, it is paramount that the term archeology is understood with reference to the study. Archeology study refers to the study of things that were developed and used in the past by the early man. Therefore, this study aims at providing archaeological evidence that is meant to prove that the events recorded in the Holy Scripture are true. All the events in the Bible have been accurately and articulately proven so that the information contained in this book is reliable. Many archaeologists both Christians and non-Christians have set sort to put the matter to rest and this has proved and verified the information in the Bible over and over again.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Reliability of the bible specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of the verification explanations that have been relayed by the archaeologists is the existence of the customs that were practiced by the people in the Bible and are still being practiced to date. There are places mentioned in the Bible and they exist today, names and events all have occurrences that have been dated. It should be noted that to date more than 25,000 sites have been discovered as they have been narrated in the Bible thus depicting the exactitude of the voluminous accounts narrated in the Bible. An example of archaeological evidence that has been discovered thus proving the reliability of the Bible is evidence of the Hittites community in the Bible. It is evident that many atheists had taken this account hostage as the basis of grounding their criticism, but archeological digs have been made and they uncovered the existence of the Hittites thus silencing the critics. Lack of extra biblical support Atheists have impelled that the Bible lacks references that would otherwise authenticate its legitimacy. They have greatly faulted the Bible as having failed to show conclusive evidence t hat is expected to prove that Christ lives and that all the accounts narrated about him are true. In order that this query could be resolved and the existence of Christ be authenticated, Christians have quoted a number of Christian and non-Christian extra biblical references that have set the record straight in authenticating the reliability of the Bible. One of the considerations that has been used to clarify existence of Christ in the Bible was the writing made by Clement. Clement was a prominent figure in early church in Rome and at one juncture in his writing as recorded in the book of Corinthians he cites quotes from the book of Matthew, Mark and Luke. It is in this writing that he introduces those quotes as the true words of Jesus. Reasons for the accurate transmission of biblical information through the centuries The reliability of the Bible has been questioned by atheists in which they uttered that the biblical manuscripts that exist should not be trusted as there is a possi bility of them being delusional imagination of human beings. To counter this proposition there are manuscripts of the Bible that have overwhelmingly approved the reliability of the Bible as the Holy Scripture.Advertising Looking for research paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is evident that there are over 5600 partial and complete copies of the New Testament manuscripts of ancient nature. These manuscripts have been preserved and can be inspected to prove their authenticity. An example of the manuscripts includes the Chester Beatty papyrus manuscript that dates back to the third century A.D. This manuscript contains four gospels and the book of Acts. The magnitude of the evidence that has been collected to prove that the Bible can be relied on and thus sets a deathblow to the atheists who have constantly questioned the sources of the Bible and the evidence that supports its contents. The availability of variants in the Bible manuscript The magnitude of the biblical manuscripts has made atheists to raise questions on the reliability of the Bible. This happens because there are over 200,000 variants that have arisen in analyzing the contents of the manuscripts. To counter this falsehood, Christians who hold the Bible as the Holy Scripture have watered down this allegation. They have conceded that for sure there are over 200,000 variants that have arisen from the manuscripts. They hold that, despite this figure seemingly so high, for a levelheaded person this figure is negligible if they had been in a position to study the manuscripts. In a nutshell the evidence highlighted from the manuscripts is incredibly accurate and it holds that the manuscripts are technically accurate in narrating the accounts recorded in the New Testament as they had taken place during the time of Jesus and the early church. Therefore, Christians holds that the manuscripts should be trusted absolutely. In order that Christians could have down played the high figures of the variants that had arisen from a close analysis of the manuscripts, they have cited a number of things that could have contributed to the increase in variants that have been identified in the Bible. For instance, if a single word is misspelled in around 2000 manuscripts these results in 2 000 variants and this alone undermines the severity of the variant’s problem. Therefore, based on the example given above, Christians have legitimately held that over 99% of the variants that have identified in the manuscripts are of zero significance. It would not be prudent if any one justifies their criticism of the Bible based on this premises. This is not applicable because many of the variants have arisen either from the misspelling of a word or missing of a particular letter in the word. In order that Christians can justify the reliability of the Bible, they have tabulated all the variants that have arisen and when all the variants that had been identified were put in the table only 40 of the 200,000 were identified as of having real significance. It should however, be noted that none of the variants juxtaposes any of the paramount Christian doctrines or moral standards as they are spelt out in the Holy Scripture. Books that belong to the scriptural cannon Atheists hav e stated that no one can for sure acclaim that this or that book in the Bible certainly was inspired by God. To ascertain their belief they had cited the books of Jude, James, Peter, Hebrews and John as having been doubted once as being the inspired books of the Holy Scripture. To answer this proposition held by the non-believers, Christians have explained exhaustively on the criterion that was applied in discerning which book would be included in the Bible as the only God inspired books. It is evident that all books in the New Testament were subject to a five question canonical test4. The questions that were asked were: firstly, discerning whether the book had been written by a prophet or an apostle who was a believer of God. Secondly, discerning whether the message relied in the book was authoritative. Thirdly, was discerning whether the book in question relayed the message of God and aligns itself along the doctrines that had already been revealed. Fourthly was whether the book e vidently portrayed as having power of God as any inspired book would have to exhibit the trans-formative power of God to all the readers. Lastly, they sort to discern whether the book had been wholeheartedly accepted by the people of God. It is, therefore, prudent to conclude that God determined the canon and all the books that were written by the prophets and the apostles inspired by God are for sure the work of the Holy Scripture. This finding thus deflates the proposition that is held by atheists that some of the books in the Bible are not canonicals. It is evident that the oral traditions in the Bible are reliable as Christians have proved beyond any reasonable doubt that it was God’s will to have all His revelation written down as they took placed under the inspiration of the holy spirit. Both the old and the new testaments are the true cannons and they cannot be discredited by prejudicial or dissatisfied non-believers who do not have the underlying facts that form the f oundation of Christian faith. Bibliography Albright, William Foxwell. Archaeology and the Religions of Israel. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007. Glueck, Nelson. Rivers in the Desert: History of Negev. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America. 1998. Ramm, Benard. Can I Trust My Old Testament? The Kings Business. New York: R. R. Bowker Co., 1992. Rhodes, Ron. Answering the Objections of Atheists, Agnostics, Skeptics. Oregon: Harvest House Publishers, 2006. Footnotes 1 Albright, William Foxwell. 2007. Archaeology and the Religions of Israel. 2 Glueck, Nelson. 1998.Rivers in the Desert: History of Negev. 3 Benard, Ramm. 1992. Can I Trust My Old Testament? The Kings Business. 4 Ron, Rhodes. 2006. Answering the Objections of Atheists, Agnostics, Skeptics. This research paper on Reliability of the bible was written and submitted by user Jordan Jefferson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.